The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale free essay sample

This paper will cover the historical significance of the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale. This scale was originally called the Binet-Simon scale. Albert Binet and Theodore Simon together created this scale. This scale was originally created for children. Intelligence testing became significant in the 21st century as it enabled mainly schools to seek out children who need academic help. However, this test was taken a step further in the 21st century by major corporations who use the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale as a major tool during the hiring process and to determine a person’s IQ. Historical Significance The field of psychology owes the† notion of intelligence to the French psychologist Alfred Binet, who developed the Binet Simon scale together with his student Theodore Simon in 1904† (Rosati, 2004). Albert Binet and Theodore Simon believed â€Å"that in intelligence there is a fundamental faculty, the alteration or the lack of which, is of the utmost importance for practical life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This faculty is judgment, otherwise called good sense, practical sense, initiative, the faculty of adapting ones self to circumstances. A person may be a moron or an imbecile if he is lacking in judgment; but with good judgment he can never be either. Indeed the rest of the intellectual faculties seem of little importance in comparison with judgment. However, in 1916 the Binet-Simon intelligence test was re-named to the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale by Lewis Terman (Becker, 2003). History of Stanford-Binet In 1891, Binet began working at the Sorbonnes Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and was appointed its Director in 1894. Theodore Simon applied to do doctoral research under Binets supervision (Plucker, 2012) According to Plucker, (2012) Binet and Simon created a scale that contained a variety of tasks the two men thought would representative a child’s abilities at various ages. This scale was based on many years of observing children in his or her natural settings. This scale consisted of thirty tasks each one more complicated than the task before. According to Plucker (2012) Binet and Simon believed that the easiest tasks could be accomplished by all children, even those who were severely retarded. â€Å"Some of the simplest test items assessed whether or not a child could follow a lighted match with his eyes or shake hands with the examiner. Slightly harder tasks required children to point to various named body parts, repeat back a series of 3 digits, repeat simple sentences, and to define words like house, fork or mama. More difficult test items required children to state the difference between pairs of things, reproduce drawings from memory or to construct sentences from three given words such as Paris, river and fortune. The hardest test items included asking children to repeat back 7 random digits, find three rhymes for the French word obeisance and to answer complicated questions† (Plucker, 2012, p 2). Significance in the 21st Century One of the main significance to the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale is its ability to measure a person’s IQ. According Kreger, (2012), â€Å"up until 1986 the Stanford-Binet Intelligence scale and all five editions remained the test of choice in identifying gifted children. According to Kreger (2012) in 1989 Kathi Kearney wrote that â€Å"it is her belief that the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale should be given as a supplementary test† (p3). According to Link (2002) â€Å"The Stanford-Binet IQ test is simply drawing on these same material cognitive techniques and associating ones ability to use them with the term intelligence, allowing the social classification that was the purpose of the test to be made according to the ability to think scientifically† The Effects on Psychology The Stanford-Binet Intelligence scale has played a huge role in the field of psychology. Today, there are many different categories of psychology. However, the Stanford-Binet scale fits best in the fields of child psychology, and industrial and organizational psychology (IO). As explained above this scale is based mainly around the ability to determine gifted children. Many gifted children are used as research subjects in psychology to help aide researchers in the advancement of intelligence. School psychologists especially use the Stanford-Binet to determine placement of a child based on his or her intelligence. Many large corporations retain the services of IO psychologist’s to ensure that employees are able to function and comprehend his or her job duties and responsibilities. Conclusion This paper covered an important part of psychological testing; the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale. This scale was originally called the Binet-Simon scale but was re-named in 1916 by Lewis Terman. This test is revolved around a person’s age and what is believed to be the normal range of IQ at that particular time. The significance of the Stanford-Binet revolves mainly around psychologists being able to recognize a â€Å"gifted child†. However, there are many ways in which this scale can be used. Employers of major corporations can also use this test to ensure the intelligence and integrity of its employees. Psychologists in almost every field use the Stanford-Binet scale; however it is most prevalent in child and IO psychology.

The Impacts of FDIs and Trade to the Asian Pacific Regions

The Impacts of FDIs and Trade to the Asian Pacific Regions Introduction The role of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade in regards to the economic development and growth of various economies across the globe continues to be deliberated and analyzed by business analysts and economic scholars. Consequently, the notion of foreign direct investment (FDI) has improved significantly in recent decades.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Impacts of FDIs and Trade to the Asian Pacific Regions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As developing economies, mostly in Asia, remove various restrictions and employ policies to attract the inflows of more FDIs, trade and investment in these economies have become more and more related. As such, there has been an increase in the development and general economic growth levels in the Asian continent. However, there are diverging opinions from analysts and economic experts as to the extent to which the FDIs and trade have contributed to the gro wth and development of the Asia pacific region economy. It is therefore to this effect that this paper shall effectively establish the relationship that exists between the FDIs and trade patterns in this region to the economic growth. The contribution of trade and FDIs on the economy shall be discussed and their impacts analyzed. At the end of the paper, a decision shall be made establishing whether the FDIs and trade are the main cause of the development or there are other factors that have contributed to the positive progress experienced in this region. A brief overview on the emergence of trade and FDIs in Asia Most developing countries pursued foreign direct investment (FDI) with great caution until the 1980’s. The existence of multinational corporations (MNCs) within these countries was understood as a threat to national independence and security. In many emerging economies, the indulgence of FDIs especially multinational corporations was a cause of concerns in regards t o their influence on the political and economic trends that existed in the host countries.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such, such investments were associated with unfair business practices in terms of competition, prices and market share and were considered as a modern form of economical colonialism and exploitation. As a result, many restrictions and policies were put in place to ensure that these corporations found it hard or impossible to venture their businesses in some economies. In recent years, however, many economies have opened their doors to FDIs upon the realization of the benefits that can be accrued from such investments. This move has greatly been influenced by economic globalization, technological advancement, integration of market and production networks on a global level and the establishment of investment treaties all over the world. In add ition to this, poor debt policies and interest rates in developing countries have forced most of them to reconsider their investment policies in a bid to attract foreign capital and capital inflows. To further facilitate this, investment restrictions have been considerably reduced in order to attract FDIs and more incentives and subsidies offered to multinational corporations which have consequently led to the rapid growth of FDIs experienced across the globe within the past 20 years. Impacts of FDIs and trade to the economic growth in Asia According to, Jones Wren (2006, p.8) a foreign direct investment (FDI) refers to the Capital flows from one state to another to bring in a higher return where it is more productive and to branch out the probability of risks. Yi Lee (2002, p. 55) acclaims that the prospective impact of global capital movements is therefore an increase in the world’s output and welfare. However, there exists other potential economic and trade benefits to h ost countries that encourage foreign capital inflows: Statistics indicate that trade and FDIs have contributed highly to the growth and development of the economy in the Asia pacific regions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Impacts of FDIs and Trade to the Asian Pacific Regions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because the foreign firms that invested in the ASEAN countries in the past 20 years brought with them superior technology new to the host countries which was quickly assimilated by the domestic firms giving them an advantage against other economies which lagged behind in this aspect. The assimilation of such technology has contributed highly to the increase in output from countries like China, Malaysia and Indonesia as well as the quality of products from the regions. Consequently, the almost economically isolated countries like China and Thailand in the 70’s have ever since developed into t he largest economies in the world next to the United States. China recorded an impressive economic growth rate of over 9% in1978-2005. This was the highest economic growth recorded within that period in the world. This achievement has been brought about by China’s espousal of fundamental initiatives promoting inward FDI. In 2004, FDIs in china constituted about 7% of the capital formation, 21% of total tax revenue, 28% of industrial outputs and more than half of the total exports (57%) were created by these foreign invested enterprises (Zhang, 2006, p.2). In this region, the most significant contribution of the FDIs would be the expansion and development of the export markets and systems. The indulgence of FDIs in this region has not only increased the levels of exports but also upgraded the export structures to the world standards. In 1980, China’s exports were 26th in the world ranking with a volume of $18 billion and held a 47% portion of the manufactured goods expo rt markets. These figures have improved immensely after the policy amendments on FDIs and they stood 3rd in ranking with a volume of $762 billion and a 93% export margin on manufactured goods (SSB, 2005). In addition to this, the FDIs have also increased the job opportunities in the host countries. Krueger Ito (2000, p. 347) states that the FDIs offer employment opportunities to the locals thereby improving on the overall standards of living and the effective demand of the people.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This can be reflected through the spending patterns experienced in china in the fourth quarter of 2009 where there the citizens were spending highly despite the economic crisis that prevailed. In addition to this, employment increases productivity and consequently the overall GDP of the nation as portrayed by the economic growth in this region. The presence of FDIs in the Asian countries has also influenced the trade and investment policies in those countries. Most of the corporations investing in this region are green field investments. This means that most FDIs have started their investments from scratch. As a result, they buy most of the materials from the host country and employ from the same. This has led to increased technological transfer and spillovers as well as improved managerial know-how in this region. Inevitably, this has over the years improved the infrastructure, efficiency and innovation in this region factors core to the development and growth of the economy. On th e same note, the foreign investments have over the years aided the Asian countries lessen the foreign exchange gap that has been predominant in these regions. Dickinson Prathet (2000, p. 308) reiterates that growth requires investments and in order to invest, there is need for saving be it domestic or foreign. Foreign exchange is required to transform foreign into domestic resources. The importation and exportation of inputs and outputs to and from the Asian countries have seen the domestic currencies strengthen their values as well as improving the domestic foreign exchange sectors and as a result, fuel rapid economic growth. Trade with other countries has also played a vital role in the rapid growth of the Asian economies. Hong Kong is among the countries that has greatly benefited in the past decade from the exportation and manufacturing of motor vehicles and textile related products to other countries. It is renowned for its great port (3rd largest in the world). The port is st rategically located and is considered as the economic pathway to China and other counties at the Far East of the Asian continent. The presence of this port has attracted more investors into the country due to the close proximity of the export and import vessels. On the same note, other inland countries also use this port to export and import their products making the trade in this country thrive. This has seen the country attract high returns from the port revenue authority as well as from the taxation of the investors; a fact which have facilitated its economic growth over the years. Arguably it has been on the forefront in terms of rapid technological advancement a feat which has seen its economy grow vastly due to the high demand of this technology by economies across the globe. However, there are other factors that have contributed to the growth and development of the Asian pacific regions. This statement can be validated by the fact that Japan has very little FDI corporations w ithin its boarders when compared to the other countries within the Asia pacific region. However, it is the most developed countries with high economic growth levels as well as productivity. This progress can be attributed to the strong financial policies that govern the operations in Japan. Additionally, it is among the leading producers and exporters of globally demanded electronics in the region. This added advantage has enabled the country to grow economically due to ready market for the products on the international markets as well as high returns due to economies of scales (production in high quantities). Other contributing factors include: The favorable political climate and investment policies that prevails within this region. A country like China has a very effective and large police force and according to Transparency International, the corruption and embezzlement levels in this country are more than minimal. It therefore goes without saying that political stability and pro fessional etiquette presents great opportunities to potential and present investors. For example, many investors would never invest in the Middle East simply due to the high risk of loosing their investment to terrorist attacks and general insecurity despite the wealth of resources present in that region. Due to the political stability and high professional ethics in the Asian continent, many employees and investors have ventured into this region with hopes of bettering their livelihoods as well as maximizing on the various opportunities available there. The influx of these investors and manpower has significantly contributed to the growth of the economies located in this region. Additionally, the land policies and location of the industries have enabled equal distribution of resources as well as balanced development within the region. On a social and cultural perspective, the high population in this region has contributed to the economic growth. According to Dickinson Prathet (200 0, p. 275), a high population is very beneficial to the economic growth of a country. This is because it provides constant human labor sufficient for the labor market as well as market for locally and internationally produced goods and services due to a high demand. Additionally, the higher the population, the higher the GDP figures which are used to measure the level of economic growth in a specific country. On the same note, the Asian continent is renowned for its hospitality. This cultural virtue has favored the economies within it in abundance. This can be seen through the tourism sector which thrives in the Asian pacific region as well as the foreign investments in the area. The fact that these countries embrace diversity encourages other people to come in as expatriates or investors and their contribution in these economies are reflected through the growth of these economies. The Asian pacific region is also famous for its regards to the environment. As such, the favorable cli mate has seen it thrive immensely in the agricultural sector. Countries such as Indonesia and Thailand are among the leading producers and exporter of rice, flowers and corn and the revenue received from the agricultural sector contributes a considerable percentage in the GDPs of these economies. On the same note, this has attracted more foreign investors who are interested in the same line of trade. These investors offer employment, market and technology to the domestic citizens and firms thereby improving the economy. Overall analysis From the discussion, we learn that trade and FDIs have contributed highly to the growth and development of the Asian pacific regions. The advantages accrued from such ventures have seen the region rise to a point of recognition amongst other economic giants. The policies and regulations set to regulate such investments and trade transactions have evidently been forthcoming through the influx of investors and consequently foreign capital within the re gion. However, due considerations should be awarded to other political, social and cultural factors that have at the same time favored the existence of the FDIs and trade transactions in the various economies across the region. Jones Wren (2006, p.37)states that progress no matter the magnitude is born of interactions between different variables and as such, the economic progress within Asia can with no doubt be attributed to the correlation and embracing of the various political, social, cultural, economic and technological factors that exist within the continent. Conclusion FDI can play a vital role in industrial development and economic growth in the emerging economies. Although most of the developing countries in the Asian continent have been taking measures to attract FDI, through offering incentive packages and liberalizing the trade system, only a few countries are triumphant in attracting these investors. In this study, we tried to find out the influential factors that dete rmine the growth of the economy in the Asian pacific region. The impacts of the FDIs inflow as well as that of trade to the economy of this region were discussed and other contributing factors highlighted. A brief analysis of the situation was carried out proving that FDIs and trade have indeed contributed to the economic growth enjoyed in this region. However, the countries in this region should work hand in hand to improve the infrastructure and market the region in order to attract more investors and trader. By doing so, they will have marked a spot in the international scene where investors can comfortably set grounds for more development not only for their own benefit, but for that of the host countries. References Dickinson, D G Prathet, T H, 2000. Finance, governance and economic performance in Pacific and South East Asia, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2000 Yi, K Lee, K T, 2002, Globalization and the Asia Pacific economy, Routledge Publishers Jones, J Wren, C, 2006, Foreign dir ect investment and the regional economy, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. Krueger, A, O Ito, T, 2000, The role of foreign direct investment in East Asian economic development, Volume 9,University of Chicago Press. State Statistics Bureau (SSB), 1993-2005, China Statistical Yearbook 1992-2005, Statistics press Zhang, K, H, 2006, FDI and host countries exports: the case of China, international economics, LVIV, pp. 50-55.

Roman Baths and Hygiene in Ancient Rome

Roman Baths and Hygiene in Ancient Rome Hygiene in ancient Rome included the famous public Roman baths, toilets, exfoliating cleansers, public facilities, and- despite the use of a communal toilet sponge (ancient Roman Charmin ®)- generally high standards of cleanliness. When trying to explain to children, students, readers, or friends what Roman life was once like, nothing gets to the heart of the matter more poignantly than intimate details about daily life. Telling young children that there were no telephones, televisions, movies, radio, electricity, traffic lights, refrigerators, air conditioners, cars, trains, or airplanes doesnt convey the primitive conditions nearly so well as explaining that instead of using toilet paper, they used a communal sponge- dutifully rinsed out after each use, of course. The Aromas of Rome In reading about ancient practices, it is important to put away preconceived notions. Did urban centers like ancient Rome stink? Certainly, but so do modern cities, and whos to say whether the smell of diesel exhaust is any less overwhelming than the smell of Roman urns for collecting urine for the fullers (dry cleaners)? Soap is not the be-all and end-all of cleanliness. Bidets are not so common in the modern world that we can afford to scoff at ancient hygiene practices. Access to Toilets According to O.F. Robinsons Ancient Rome: City Planning and Administration, there were 144 public latrines in Rome in the later Empire, most of which were located next to the public baths where they could share water and sewerage. There may have been a token payment if they were separate from the baths, and they were likely comfortable places, where one might sit and read, or otherwise amuse oneself sociably, hoping for dinner invitations. Robinson cites a ditty by Martial: Why does Vacerra spend his hoursin all the privies, and day-long sit?He wants a supper, not a s**t. Public urinals consisted of buckets, called dolia curta. The contents of those buckets were regularly collected and sold to the fullers for cleaning wool, etc. The fullers paid a tax to the collectors, called a Urine Tax, and the collectors had public contracts and could be fined if they were late with their deliveries. Access to Hygiene Facilities for the Rich In Readings from The Visible Past, Michael Grant suggests that hygiene in the Roman World was limited to those who could afford the public baths or thermae, as running water did not reach the poors tenements from the aqueducts. The rich and famous, from the emperor on down, enjoyed running water in palaces and mansions from lead pipes connected to the aqueducts. At Pompeii, however, all the houses except the very poorest had water pipes fitted with taps, and the wastewater was piped away into a sewer or trench. People without running water relieved themselves in chamber pots or commodes which were emptied into vats located under the staircases and then emptied into cesspools located throughout the city. Access to Hygiene Facilities for the Poor In Daily Life in Ancient Rome, Florence Dupont writes that it was for reasons of ritual that the Romans washed frequently. Throughout the countryside, Romans, including women and slaves, would wash every day and would have a thorough bath on every feast day if not more often. In Rome itself, baths were taken daily. The admission fees at public baths made them accessible to just about everyone: one-quarter as for men, one full as for women, and children got in for free- an as  (plural  assÄ“s) was worth one-tenth (after 200 CE 1/16th) of a denarius, the standard currency in Rome. Life-long free baths might be bequeathed in wills. Hair Care in Ancient Rome Romans were materially interested in being considered non-hairy; the Roman aesthetic was of cleanness, and, for practical purposes, hair removal reduces ones susceptibility to lice. Ovids advice on grooming includes hair removal, and not just mens beards, although it is not always clear whether that was accomplished by shaving, plucking or other depilatory practices. The Roman historian Suetonius reported that Julius Caesar was meticulous in hair removal. He didnt want hair anywhere except where he didnt have it- the crown of his head, as he was famous for the combover. Tools for Cleaning During the classical period, removing grime was accomplished by the application of oil. After the Romans took a bath, sometimes scented oils would be used to finish the job. Unlike soap, which forms a lather with water and can be rinsed off, the oil had to be scraped off: the tool that did that was known as a strigil. A strigil looks a bit like a clasp-knife, with the handle and blade being in total length about eight inches. The blade was gently curved to accommodate the curves of the body and the handle is sometimes of another material such as bone or ivory. The emperor Augustus is said to have used the strigil rather too strenuously on his face, causing sores. Sources Dupont, Florence. Daily Life in Ancient Rome. Translated from the French by Christopher Woodall. London: Blackwell, 1992.Grant, Michael. The Visible Past: Greek and Roman History from Archaeology, 1960-1990. London: Charles Scribner, 1990.Robinson, O.F. Ancient Rome: City Planning and Administration. London: Routledge, 1922.

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Compare and contrast - Essay Example Both men and women in her life seemed to treat her with cruelty and there was very little kindness shown to her throughout her teenage years (Brontà «, 1874). In the earlier chapters, the contrast between Jane and Helen is very obvious since Jane comes across as a headstrong child who has been somewhat hardened by the life she has lived. Helen on the other hand, seems bent upon taking things like a stoic and not complaining against whatever troubles God has decided to send her way. On the other hand, the completely inhuman character of Mr. Brocklehurst leaves very little that can be admired. In fact, it seems that Jane Eyre is the middle ground between the two extreme natures of Mr. Brocklehurst and Helen Burns (Brontà «, 1874). Throughout these chapters, Jane Eyre has given the impression of being aware of her self worth and she is never ready to give up her sense of justice. As evidenced by her constant attempts to right wrongs at Lowood. Additionally, even though Helen dies in the opening chapters of the book, a reader can assume that had she been in place of Jane Eyre as Mr. Rochester wooed Miss Blanche Ingram, she might have not reacted with the jealousy shown by Jane (Brontà «, 1874). Overall in comparison to several other characters, the character of Jane seems to be the most believable and real. The first thing a person can say about Helen is that she seems to have a faith which is stronger than Jane’s. While Jane seeks freedom and independence, Helen seems to accept whatever comes to her as a gift or a punishment from God. Helen believes that for all the wrongs which he has suffered in this lifetime, she will be rewarded when she is taken to heaven (Brontà «, 1874). It seems that Jane has a comparatively lesser strength of faith since she wants her happiness, her revenge and her gifts to be given to her in the world she is

Rising Greenhouse Gas Emissions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rising Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Essay Example According to World Health Organization (2013), environmental risks also lead to climatic change, destruction of ozone layer, change in water system, destruction of natural resources and alternation of food producing system. This directly affect human being in form of drought and malnutrition due to climatic changes and water borne diseases due to flooding and lack of water. Sustainability is a major strategy to increase competitive advantage of business organization. Most companies are for sustainable business (D’Amato, Henderson and Florence 2009, P.1). This can be attained when an organization is concerned with the well being of all its stakeholders such as employees, shareholders, customers, suppliers and community. Governments are supporting organizations and other stakeholders in their effort to reduce and manage greenhouse gases emissions. GHG emission is a complex global risk that have both direct and indirect affects different stakeholders such as international organiz ations, businesses, education institutions, governments, non-governmental organizations and general public (World business solutions for sustainable development,   n.d.).Increase in GHG emission has been accompanied by decrease in absorption of the gases by sinks due to decreasing forest covers especially in developed countries (Creyts at el, 2007, P. xiii). There is need to mitigate GHG emission to reduce damages (Chichilnisky and Heal, 1993 P. 65). GHG emission reduction to sustainable can be achieved. through commitment of different goverments as indicated by Meinshausen at el (2009, P. 1158), where about 100 countries has committed to reduce emissions by the year 2050. GHG emission can through capital investment, changes in development patterns, investment in energy saving technology and innovation in new technology. These could reduce Greenhouse gases emission as well as management cost. USA is a major contributor of GHG emission with is annual emission expected to rise from 7.2 gigatons by 2005 to 9.2 gigatons by 2030 due to economic expansion, infrastructure development, use of non renewable energy (Creyts at el, 2007, P. xiii). GHG emissions of China are expected to rise until 2030 compared to USA due its economic growth but government regulation has mitigated these emissions (Leggett, 2011). These arguments have also been supported by International Transport Forum (2010), which indicates that developed countries like Germany, France and Japan has achieved GHG emission reduction despite their economic growth from 2008. UK has recorded decrease in Co2 emission since 1990 to 2012

University Degree Essay Example for Free

University Degree Essay Rapid development of technologies and current economic crisis make people worry about their future live and professional realization, showing with no doubt the importance of education for further successful living. Knowledge is power and the more you know the easier you will get the desired job, the better you will be paid and the better you will live. Recently, higher education has almost become a must in our society. First of all employers always prefer to hire applicants with a university degree than others with lower education. They know that these candidates have a complete up to date qualification. For example, people with bachelor or master degree have over 90 per cent more chance to be invited to an interview and thus to get the job they applied for. In addition, income plays a major role in everyone’s life. Earning more money makes people live better and happier. University graduates are well paid professionals who are qualified in various fields and industries. They are high valued and sought after in the labour market. So, competing companies attract these professionals by offering them higher salaries, bonuses, company mobile phones, laptops, cars etc. Last but not least, people are often afraid of redundancy and dismissal just, because they turned forty or fifty. But it is a fact that educated individuals are less endangered of unemployment. For instance, no employer will give up his valuable frame, because he or she is getting older and this is so, because important for him is his or her knowledge, experience and skills and not his or her appearance. Therefore, university degree gives its owner a secure life and provides a long career. Taking everything into account, I believe that everyone who wants to have a good life should have a university education. Money is nothing and everything. Even if we have the best family poverty and unemployment will bring trouble and unhappiness in our family. Our future and successful living depends on our education.

Reality and Fiction Essay -- Tabloids Truth Writing Essays

Reality and Fiction The front page of a supermarket tabloid is usually splashed with such ridiculous headlines as â€Å"Human Baby Born with Dog’s Head!†; or â€Å"Olsen Twin Beats Anorexia and Gains 200 lbs!† These titles suggest the type of information that the magazine contains—sensational, outrageous and often untrue stories. Despite these titles, their sensational nature can sometimes spark the curiosity of the reader, prompting them to read further. Although the tabloid is not a particularly well-respected genre of literature, Gloria Sawai adapts it for her own purposes in her writing. In a short story titled â€Å"The Day I Sat With Jesus on the Sun Deck and a Wind Came Up and Blew My Kimono Open and He Saw my Breasts†, Sawai draws upon this typically disprespected tabloid-type of narrative, prompting the reader to question their sense of reality. The author adapts several conventions which would typically be found in a tabloid to achieve this. She places ordi nary characters in extraordinary situations; she trivializes momentous events by presenting them in very simple terms; she removes all suspense by giving away the plot in the title; she challengers her reader to call her bluff as to whether or not her story actually occurred. Through the adaptation of conventions characteristic of tabloid literature, Sawai successfully challenges her reader to question their perception of what is â€Å"real†, prompting them to the ponder whether or not this extraordinary story might have actually taken place. Perhaps one of the most recognizable characteristics of tabloid-type narrative is the description sensational, and often unbelievable events occurring to everyday people living in ordinary milieus. In the third paragraph of â€Å"The Day I Sat W... ...narrative conventions in this short story help to illustrate this situation, and in the process, give the reader cause to question whether or not this unbelievable event could actually occur. Sawai presents her readers with this challenge to their perception of reality through the story’s title, in the way that she trivializes a miracle by placing it in an ordinary setting, and also through the possibility that the story is semi-autobiographical, thus making it true. The author is playing a game with the reader, never revealing whether or not her story is based on reality or not. Of course, one would most likely assume that Jesus did not in fact appear in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan on September 11th, 1972. Nevertheless, Sawai intices her audience to play with the idea for a moment, challenging the socially accepted standards of what is reality and what is not. Reality and Fiction Essay -- Tabloids Truth Writing Essays Reality and Fiction The front page of a supermarket tabloid is usually splashed with such ridiculous headlines as â€Å"Human Baby Born with Dog’s Head!†; or â€Å"Olsen Twin Beats Anorexia and Gains 200 lbs!† These titles suggest the type of information that the magazine contains—sensational, outrageous and often untrue stories. Despite these titles, their sensational nature can sometimes spark the curiosity of the reader, prompting them to read further. Although the tabloid is not a particularly well-respected genre of literature, Gloria Sawai adapts it for her own purposes in her writing. In a short story titled â€Å"The Day I Sat With Jesus on the Sun Deck and a Wind Came Up and Blew My Kimono Open and He Saw my Breasts†, Sawai draws upon this typically disprespected tabloid-type of narrative, prompting the reader to question their sense of reality. The author adapts several conventions which would typically be found in a tabloid to achieve this. She places ordi nary characters in extraordinary situations; she trivializes momentous events by presenting them in very simple terms; she removes all suspense by giving away the plot in the title; she challengers her reader to call her bluff as to whether or not her story actually occurred. Through the adaptation of conventions characteristic of tabloid literature, Sawai successfully challenges her reader to question their perception of what is â€Å"real†, prompting them to the ponder whether or not this extraordinary story might have actually taken place. Perhaps one of the most recognizable characteristics of tabloid-type narrative is the description sensational, and often unbelievable events occurring to everyday people living in ordinary milieus. In the third paragraph of â€Å"The Day I Sat W... ...narrative conventions in this short story help to illustrate this situation, and in the process, give the reader cause to question whether or not this unbelievable event could actually occur. Sawai presents her readers with this challenge to their perception of reality through the story’s title, in the way that she trivializes a miracle by placing it in an ordinary setting, and also through the possibility that the story is semi-autobiographical, thus making it true. The author is playing a game with the reader, never revealing whether or not her story is based on reality or not. Of course, one would most likely assume that Jesus did not in fact appear in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan on September 11th, 1972. Nevertheless, Sawai intices her audience to play with the idea for a moment, challenging the socially accepted standards of what is reality and what is not.

Lab 15

Lab 15 Administering Windows 7 Exercise 15. 1 | Creating a Custom Backup Job | Overview | In Exercise 15. 1, you create a single, custom backup job that saves selected files and folders to a partition on the computer’s hard disk. | Completion time | 20 minutes | Question 1 | Why doesn’t the system drive (C:) appear on the Select where you want to save your backup page? You cannot backup C: drive to C: Drive | Question 2 | Why does a warning appear when you select the ALICE1 (X:) drive, informing you that the X: drive is on the same physical disk as your system drive?Because X: drive is external storage. | Question 3 | Why doesn’t the Windows folder appear under the Local Disk (C:) drive? Windows 7 makes an image of your system so it cannot write the image it is backing up to the device it is imaging. | 11. Take a screen shot of the Review your backup settings page by pressing Alt+Prt Scr, and then paste the resulting image into the Lab15_worksheet file in the pag e provided by pressing Ctrl+V. 14. Take a screen shot of the Windows Backup is currently in progress page by pressing Alt+Prt Scr, and then paste the resulting image into the Lab15_worksheet file in the page provided by pressing Ctrl+V.Question 4 | What is the size of the backup, as indicated on the Backup and Restore control panel? 1. 25GB | Exercise 15. 2 | Performing an Incremental Backup Job | Overview | In Exercise 15. 2, you create a new file on the computer and repeat the backup job you performed in Exercise 15. 1, to demonstrate how incremental backup jobs work in Windows 7. | Completion time | 15 minutes | Question 5 | How is the Backup and Restore control panel interface different from when you opened it the first time? Shows now that there was a ackup made on the dates and when the next backup. & Shows alice1 is backedup | Question 6 | How does the time required for this backup compare with that for the same job the first time you ran it? seconds | Question 7 | How many B ackup Files folders are there beneath the Backup Set folder? three backup folder. | 12. Take a screen shot of the Windows Explorer window, showing the Backup Files folders, by pressing Alt+Prt Scr, and then paste the resulting image into the Lab15_worksheet file in the page provided by pressing Ctrl+V.Question 8 | What is the size of the folder? 348MB | Question 9 | Why is the second Backup Files folder so much smaller than the first one? Because there was one small change the text file. | Exercise 15. 3 | Performing a Restore | Overview | The only way to be sure that a backup has completed successfully is to perform a test restore. In this exercise, you restore a file from the backup you performed earlier. | Completion time | 10 minutes | Question 10 | How many options are there to choose from in the Restore Files dialog box? dates | Question 11 | How many results appear in the Search for files to restore dialog box and from which backup jobs are they? Just one the newfile. txt | Q uestion 12 | From which of the three backups you performed is the Newfile. txt file going to be restored? From the second backup | 10. Take a screen shot of the Your files have been restored page by pressing Alt+Prt Scr, and then paste the resulting image into the Lab15_worksheet file in the page provided by pressing Ctrl+V. Lab Challenge 15. 1: Scheduling a backup Job Completion time | 10 minutes |Performing a single backup job provides only limited protection against hardware failure. To fully protect your data, you must back up regularly, and Windows 7 enables you to schedule backup jobs to run at specified intervals. To complete this challenge, you must create a job that backs up your workstation’s entire system (C:) drive to the X: drive every Friday at 11:00 PM. Write out the procedure for creating the job and take a screen shot of the Review your backup settings page by pressing Alt+Prt Scr, and then paste the resulting image into the Lab15_worksheet file in the page p rovided by pressing Ctrl+V.Lab Challenge 15. 2: Using Branchcache Completion time | 15 minutes | NOTE | If you have not done so already, you must complete Exercise 10. 1, in which you install Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 7 and enable the Group Policy Management Tools, before you attempt to complete this challenge. | To use BranchCache, you must configure the appropriate Group Policy settings on both the host servers and the branch office computers.To complete this challenge, you must create three Group Policy objects called BranchCache Content Servers, BranchCache Hosted Cache Servers, and BranchCache Clients, and configure each GPO with the settings needed to create a BranchCache implementation that uses your classroom server (RWDC01) as a hosted cache server. Write out the procedure for creating the GPOs and take screen shots of the three GPOs in the Group Policy Management Editor console by pressing Alt+Prt Scr, and then paste the resulting image into the lab15_ worksheet file in the page provided by pressing Ctrl+V.

Education in Britain Essay

?Each child in England at the first school term after their third birthday, is entitled to 15 hours per week free childcare funding. This entitlement is funded by the government through the local council. The Early Learning Goals cover the main areas of education without being subject driven. These areas include Personal, social and emotional development (prime area) Communication and Language (prime area) Physical education (prime area) Literacy (specific area) Mathematics (specific area) Understanding the World (specific area). Expressive Art & Design (specific area) Until the mid-1980s, nursery schools only admitted pupils in the final year (three terms) leading up to their admission to primary school, but pupils now attend nursery school for four or five terms. It is also common practise for many children to attend nursery much earlier than this. Many nurseries have the facilities to take on babies, using the ‘Early Years Foundation Stage’, framework as a guide to give each child the best possible start to becoming a competent learner and skillful communicator. A primary school (also Elementary school) an school which where children receive primary or elementary education between the ages of about five to about eleven, coming before secondary school and after preschool. It is the first stage of compulsory education in most parts of the world, and is normally available without charge, but may be a fee-paying independent school. In England and Wales secondary school is for children from the ages of 11 to 18. After 11 years of compulsory education ends, and young people can decide whether to continue their studies further at school or sixth form college, or leave the education system. After five years of secondary education, at the age of 16, pupils take the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination. When they are in the third or in the forth form, they begin to choose their exam subjects and prepare for them. After finishing the fifth form pupils can make their choice: they may either leave school  and go to a Further Education College or continue their education in the sixth form. Those who stay at school after GCSE, study for 2 more years for â€Å"A’ (Advanced) Level Exams in two or three subjects which is necessary to get a place at one of British universities. The typical first degree offered at English universities is the bachelor’s degree, and usually lasts for three years. Many institutions now offer an undergraduate master’s degree as a first degree, which typically lasts for four years. During a first degree students are known as undergraduates. The difference in fees between undergraduate and traditional postgraduate master’s degrees (and the possibility of securing LEA funding for the former) makes taking an undergraduate master’s degree as a first degree a more attractive option, although the novelty of undergraduate master’s degrees means that the relative educational merit of the two is currently unclear. Some universities offer a vocationally based foundation degree, typically two years in length for those students who hope to continue on to a first degree but wish to remain in employment. Postgraduate education Students who have completed a first degree are eligible to undertake a postgraduate degree, which might be a: Master’s degree (typically taken in one year, though research-based master’s degrees may last for two) Doctorate (typically taken in three years) Postgraduate education is not automatically financed by the state.

Escaping Your Morals essays

Escaping Your Morals essays Being put in a life or death situation might be everybodys worst fear. Youre having a nightmare that you are burning alive eighty stories up, and youre only choice to ease the pain is to jump. Or you are faced with a choice that you can do something against your morals, or die. Rarely do we experience these situations in real life; its only something we can derive from television, or pull out of a book. Benjamin Jacobs lived his nightmare. He lived our nightmare. He was put in a life or death situation, not for a day, but for four years and two months. Being put in a situation such as that, one faces decisions, things he or she could do to live, or die. Benjamin Jacobs is a Holocaust survivor. He was placed in a concentration camp with his father and they were both sent to work. In the concentration camps, you either work, or die, and working was the medicine to cure immanent death. During a roll call at Jacobs first concentration camp, Steineck, the SS officers asked for all doctors, tailors, and cooks to step forward (Jacobs). They did so, but Jacobs, with dentistry training, was reluctant to step forward. After his father urged him to do so, he complied and was assigned to be the camp dentist. The choice that Jacobs made there was to abandon his father. To some, this may sound terrible, but when both Jacobs and his father knew that he would have a better chance to live through this hell being in a non-expendable position, I think that his actions were justified. Jacobs still had so much to live for, whereas his father had lived his life. As horrible as it sounds, I can understand why Jacobs father urged him to go. It s a parents instinct to put their children after themselves. Even at that, Jacobs had a hard time deciding whether or not to leave. He had a moral battle going on through his head, he could stay and protect and watch over his father, or he could go a...

Weapons and Arrest Authority of U.S. Federal Agencies

Weapons and Arrest Authority of U.S. Federal Agencies More than a few eyebrows were raised in 2010 when the U.S. Department of Agriculture bought 85 fully automatic submachine guns. However, the USDAÂ  is just one of 73 federal government agencies employing full-time law enforcement officers who are authorized to carry firearms and make arrests in the United States. Brief Overview According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics latest (2008) Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers, the combined federal government agencies employ about 120,000 full-time law enforcement officers who are authorized to carry firearms and make arrests. That is roughly the equivalent of 40 officers per 100,000 U.S. residents. By comparison, there is one member of the U.S. Congress per 700,000 residents. Federal Law Enforcement Officers are authorized by law to perform four specific functions: conduct criminal investigations, execute search warrants, make arrests, and carry firearms.From 2004 to 2008, the number of federal law enforcement officers with arrest and firearms authority grew by 14% or about 15,000 officers. The federal agencies also employ nearly 1,600 officers in the U.S. territories, primarily in Puerto Rico. The Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers does not include data on officers in the U.S. Armed Forces, or the Central Intelligence Agency and the Transportation Security Administrations Federal Air Marshals Service, due to national security restrictions.The number of Federal Law Enforcement Officers has increased rapidly in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Since the 9/11/2001 attacks, the ranks of Federal Law Enforcement Officers grew from about 88,000 in 2000, to about 120,000 in 2008. Front Line Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Excluding 33 Offices of Inspectors General, 24 federal agencies each employed more than 250 full-time personnel with firearm and arrest authority in 2008. Indeed, law enforcement is the main function of most of these agencies. Few people would be surprised to see field agents of the Border Patrol, FBI, U.S. Marshals Service or the Secret Service carrying guns and making arrests. The complete list includes: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (36,863 officers)Federal Bureau of Prisons (16,835)Federal Bureau of Investigation (12,760)U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (12,446)U.S. Secret Service (5,213)Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (4,696)Drug Enforcement Administration (4,308)U.S. Marshals Service (3,313)Veterans Health Administration (3,128)Internal Revenue Service, Criminal Investigation (2,636)Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (2,541)U.S. Postal Inspection Service (2,288)U.S. Capitol Police (1,637)National Park Service - Rangers (1,404)Bureau of Diplomatic Security (1,049)Pentagon Force Protection Agency (725)U.S. Forest Service (644)U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (598)National Park Service - U.S. Park Police (547)National Nuclear Security Administration (363)U.S. Mint Police (316)Amtrak Police (305)Bureau of Indian Affairs (277)Bureau of Land Management (255) From 2004 to 2008, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) added more than 9,000 officers, the largest increase at any federal agency. A majority of the CBP increase occurred in the Border Patrol, which added more than 6,400 officers during the 4-year period.Officers of the Veterans Health Administration need arrest and firearms authority because they provide law enforcement and protective services for over 150 VA medical centers located nationwide.At the Cabinet department level, component agencies of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), including U.S. Customs and Border Protection, employed about 55,000 officers or 46% of all federal officers with arrest and firearms authority in 2008. Agencies of the Department of Justice (DOJ) employed 33.1% of all officers, followed by other executive branch agencies (12.3%), the judicial branch (4.0%), the independent agencies (3.6%) and the legislative branch (1.5%).Within the legislative branch, the U.S. Capitol Police (USCP) employed 1,637 officers to provide police services for the U.S. Capitol grounds and buildings. With full law enforcement authority in the area immediately surrounding the Capitol complex, the USCP is the largest federal law enforcement agency operating wholly within the nations capital.The largest employer of federal officers outside of the executive branch was the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AOUSC). The AOUSC employed 4,696 probation officers with arrest and firearm authority in its Federal Corrections and Supervision Division in 2008. The Not-So-Obvious Federal Law Enforcement Agencies In 2008, another 16 federal agencies not so typically associated with police powers employed fewer than 250 full-time personnel with firearm and arrest authority. These included: Bureau of Engraving and Printing (207 officers)Environmental Protection Agency (202)Food and Drug Administration (183)National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (149)Tennessee Valley Authority (145)Federal Reserve Board (141)U.S. Supreme Court (139)Bureau of Industry and Security (103)National Institutes of Health (94)Library of Congress (85)*Federal Emergency Management Agency (84)National Aeronautics and Space Administration (62)Government Printing Office (41)National Institute of Standards Technology (28)Smithsonian National Zoological Park (26)Bureau of Reclamation (21) * The Library of Congress Police ceased operation in 2009 when its duties were assumed by the U.S. Capitol Police.Most of the officers employed by these agencies are assigned to provide security and protective services at the agencys buildings and grounds. Officers employed by the Federal Reserve Board of Governors provide security and protective services only at the Boards Washington, D.C. headquarters. Officers serving at the various Federal Reserve banks and branches are hired by the individual banks and were not counted in the Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers. And the Inspectors General Finally, 33 of the 69 federal Offices of Inspectors General (OIG), including the Department of Educations OIG, employed a total of 3,501 criminal investigators with firearms and arrest authority in 2008. These 33 Offices of Inspectors General represent all 15 Cabinet-level departments, as well as 18 other federal agencies, boards and commissions.Among other duties, officers of the Offices of Inspectors General often investigate cases of improper, wasteful or illegal activities, including theft, fraud and wrongful use of public funds.For example, OIG officers recently investigated the General Services Administrations outrageous $800,000 team-building meeting in Las Vegas, and a series of scams being perpetrated against Social Security recipients. Are These Officers Trained? Along with training they may have received in the military or other law enforcement agencies, most federal law enforcement officers are required to complete training at one of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) facilities. In addition to training in basic to advanced law enforcement, criminology, and tactical driving, FLETCs Firearms Division provides intensive training in the safe handling and justifiable use of firearms.

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 74

Leadership - Essay Example This trait would be most useful in an athletic department especially in the area of delegation of authority, for example, in the selection of a team captain. The team captain would have to be a person who has a very high achievement drive. The rest of the players look up to the captain of the team as their natural leader bath in the field and as a team. The captain must therefore have demonstrated high levels of effort both during practice and in competition situations. He must be able to rally the team into action through his/ her natural charisma as this acts as a booster of team morale (Arvey, 2006). The captain must have a demonstrable high ambition for the team and other team members so that he is a holistic team player. High energy levels in the captain must be evident as this will serve to revive the team when they are undergoing a slump during competitions or practice sessions. Personal initiative is very desirable in a team captain as this will make him a very effective situ ational leader on the field and also off-field (Yukl,